Method of packing and in packing machine



H. A. HOUSE METHOD OF PACKING AND IN PACKING MACHINE l5 Sheets-She'eb 1 Filed Sept. 13, 1921 July 13 1926. 1,592,767

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H. A. HOUSE METHOD OF PACKING AND IN PACKING MACHINE Filed Sept- 13. 1921 15 Sheets-Sheet 1 5 I Suveutoz 475m? r A. Hal/s5 $51 2 aHIom Lm C Patented July 13, 1926.

UNITED STATES;

1,592,767 PATENT OFFICE.

mmnx A. HOUSE, OF BBIDGEPOBT, GONNEOTIOUT, ASSIGNOB TO THE SHREDDED WHEAT COMPANY, 01' NIAGARA IA'L YORK- LB. NEW YORK, A CORPORATION 01' NEW unrnon or PACKING nun in theme mcnnm.

Application fled September This invention relates to improvements in methods of packing, and in packing machines and particularly, the automatic packing. of biscuits, or the like, in collapsible 5 paste-board boxes, or the like. The present embodiment of the invention contemplates the opening of the paste-board boxes from a collapsed state; the feeding of these into relation with the biscuit-feeding mechanism;

the successive feeding of the layers into the boxes in superimposed relation, with. separation pa er strips between them; the folding in of t e fla s of the boxes during their progress througli the sealing of the flaps.

An object is to provide. a machine, in which these several steps are so co-ordinated and arranged that the packing of the biscuits in the boxes may be carried on continuously and automaticall and in a manner as to preclude manual handling of the biscuits or boxes. 1

A further object is to provide means for feeding and handling the biscuits, which 2 are of a very fra ile nature, and which will be positive in act1on, thus assuring properly timed feeding and placement of the biscuits,

but which will, at the same time, engage them with such light and yielding contact 80 as to not break or damage them.

An important feature of the invention is the manner of feeding the layers of hiscuits successively into the box, the layers being first fed above the upper ends of the 85 box into which a platform is projected from below, the first and lowermost layer resting on this platform. The platform is intermittently lowered as each layer is fed into place, until the requisite number of layers are 40 within the box to fill it; whereupon, the

filled box is progressed through the machine, and an em ty one is fed into place. In the present embodiment, the lower end fla s of the boxes are folded in before the lling operation, and co-operate with the paper strip providedbeneath each layer, to retain the biscuits in the boxes and to protect them from damage as the filled boxes are fed from y the filling mechanism.

Another feature is the provision of suction means for opening the collapsed boxes,- and suction uide walls for retaining them in open position as they are fed to the filling mec anism. I I

the machine; and finally,

1a, 1921. serial No. 500,400.

A further object is to provide means for disassociatin nism from t e box-feeding and the filling mechanism, 'at will, so that in the event that any of the biscuits, being fed to the machine from the oven, are spoiled, they may be automatically removed, without entirely stopping the operation of the machine. Thls machine is so adaptedthat pans of biscu1ts, as they come from the baking apparatus, will be placed directly into the packing machine, without the necessity for intermediate handling. To this end, thebaking pans are elongated and adapted to contain a single row of twelve biscuits, and are disclosed 7 in my application Ser. N 0. 180,106, filed July 12, 1917.:

While the machine is particularly ada ted to the packing of biscuits, especially t ose of the type known as Shredded Wheat Biscuits, t e rinciplesdisclosed herein are also ada te cles; so t at while the following description will refer, for convenience, to the acking of biscuits, it will be understood t at the invention is not so limited. f

With the above and other objects in view, an embodiment for carrying out my invention is disclosedvin the accompanying drawings, and this embodiment will behereinafter more full invention will e pointed out in claims,

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machine embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 1s a plan view thereof.

-Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view, showing in plan, certain reciprocating feed mechamsm,1ncluding a cam frame and co-operating parts for openin and-feeding the boxes, and is taken along t e line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a similar view,'showing a main drive shaft and cooperating feeding mechanism for the boxes and biscuits,taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 5 is a detail plan view, enlarged, of the box-feeding hopper, and a portion of the feeding mechanism shown partially in horizontal section.

Fig. Sis a perspective view of the parts shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a portion of described, and finally, the

the biscuit-feeding mecha- I to the packing of other artithe box-feeding mechanism, also showing biscuit-feeding mechanism and the paper strip feeding parts.

Fig. 7" is an enlarged detail perspective view of a flap-turning device adapted to turn the lower end flaps of the boxes.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the same section of the machine shown in Fig. 7, but showing certain additional parts, and certain parts removed, for clearness Fi 9 is a vertical sectional view, showing t e cam and a portion of the mechanism for feeding the biscnits,-taken along the line 9-9 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 10 is a front elevational view of certain of the partsshown in Fig. 9,-taken along the line 10-10 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view of the end of the cam drum,-taken along line 11-11 of Fig. 4.

Fig, 12 is a vertical sectional view through the bed plate and cam frame,-taken along the line 12-12 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view, taken along the line 13-13 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 14 is a detail sectional view of one of the box-feeding devices,-taken along the line 14-14 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 15 is a detail vertical sectional view of the box-openiii mechanism,taken along the line 15-15 0 Fig. 3.

Fig. 16 is a detail vertical sectional view of one of the box-feeding devices,-taken along the line 16-16 of Fig. 3. v

Fig. 17 is a'vertical sectional view,taken along the line 17-17 of Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a vertical sectional view of cretain drive mechanism,-taken along the line 18-18 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 19 is a vertical sectional view of certain driven mechanism,-taken along the line 19-19 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 20 is a vertical sectional view,-taken along the line 20-20 of Fig. 19.

Fi 21 is a vertical sectional view of the boxling mechanism,-taken along the line 21-21 of Fig. 2, and showing the parts in their lowered position.

Fig. 22 is a horizontal detail sectional view of one corner of the lowering mechanismtaken along the line 22-22 of Fig. 23.

Fig. 23 is a vertical sectional view of the ratchet and pawl mechanism,-taken along the line 23-23 of Fig. 22, and showing the parts in operative position.

ig. 24 is a similar view, showing the parts in inoperative position.

Fig. 25 is a. vertical sectional view, partly 'in elevation, of the box-filling mechanism, and showing the parts in their raised position.

Fig. 26 is a similar view, with the parts broken away and showing the parts of the machine in their partially lowered position.

Fig. 27 is a vertical'sectional view of chine comprises a bed plate one end of the box-filling mechanism, showing the parts in such position as to release the biscuit-lowering crib preparatory to its being automatically raised.

Fig. 28 is a horizontal sectional view,- taken along the line 28-28 of Fig. 21.

Fig. 29 is a vertical sectional view,taken along the line 29-29 of Fig. 21.

Fig. 30 is a horizontal sectional view,- taken along the line 30-30 of Fig. 21.

Fig. 31 is a side view of the box-feeding and filling parts of the machine,-taken along the line 31-31 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 32 is a horizontal sectional view,- taken along the line 32-32 of Fig. 21, showing the feeding mechanism for the filled boxes in inoperative position.

Fig. 33 is a similar view, showing these parts in operative position to feed the boxes.

Fig. 34 is a vertical sectional detail view,- taken along the line 34-34 of Fig. 32.

Fig. 35 is a detail elevational view,-taken along the line 35-35 of Fig. 32.

Fig. 36 is a vertical sectional view of the box-separating mechanism adapted to sep arate a pair of boxes preparatory to their being filled,-taken along the line 36-36 of Fig. 31.

Fig. 37 is a front elevational view of the biscuit-feeding mechanism,-taken along the line 37-37 of Fig. 2-and showing the parts in position to feed the biscuits.

Fig. 38 is a similar view with parts broken.

away, and showing the parts in non-feeding position.

Fig. 39 is avertical sectional view,taken along the line 39-39 of Fig. 37.

Fig. 40 is a detail sectional view,-taken along the. line 40-40 of Fig. 39.

Fig. 41 is a detail sectional view,-taken along the line 41-41 of Fig. 39.

Fig. 42 is a perspective view of the conveying mechanism for the filled boxes, and showing the devices for turning the upper and lower side flaps.

Fig. 43 is a view, partially in elevation, and partly in vertical section, of the strippasting mechanism,-taken along the line 43-43 of Fig. 44.

Fig. 44 is a transverse vertical sectional view,taken along the line 44-44 of Fig. 43.

Fig. 45 is a detail view, showing one of the collapsed boxes to be filled with biscuits, and in the state in which it is supplied to the machine.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figures 1 and 2 thereof, the ma 50 supported upon suitable standards 51 and 51, and having journaled beneath it, and near one end, a main drive shaft 52 adapted to be driven from a motor, or other source of power, by

a belt-pulley 53. The shaft 52 is adapted to directly drive the biscuit-feeding mechanism, and to indirectly drive, through a system of gearing the box-feeding and filling mechanisms, and to the end of disassociating these respective mechanisms, a clutch mechanism is provided adapted to be operated to connect 0r disconnect the gearing from the shaft, so that when connected, the biscuitfeeding and box-feeding and filling mechanisms will operate together; but when disconnected, only the biscuit-feeding mechanism will operate. This clutch mechanism comprises a clutch 54 adapted to be actuated by a lever 55 pivoted at 56 to thebed plate, and controlled from the front of the machine by a rod 57 sliding in a bearing 58,

and provided at its forward end with a suitable handle which may be conveniently manipulated by the operator of the machine.

The boxes to be filled are supplied to the machine in flattened condition, as shown in Fig. 45, and are stacked vertically in a hopper comprising an inclined base 59 (Figs. 5 and 6) supported between side plates 60 and 61 secured at their flanged bases 62 and 63 to the bed plate. A weighted follower 64: is disposed in the hopper to force the boxes to the lower end thereof, being guided by a rod 65 mounted in the sides 66 and 67 of the follower, and projecting through slots 68 and 69 in theside plates. To the ends of the rod, there are connected weight cords 70 and 71 extending over guide rolls 72 and 73 and 7 4 and 75, and provided at their ends with weights 76 and 77 adapted to draw the follower against the stacked boxes.

The lowermost box engages, and is supported against a slide feed member 78, which will be presently more fully described. Extending away from the hopper, at one side, and longitudinally of the bed plate, there is provided a guide-way for the opened boxes. formed by a. hollow wall 79 at one side, its inner surface being substantially flush with the lower end of the hopper, and being bounded at its other side by a hollow wall 80; the guide space between these walls being equal to the width of an opened box. This longitudinally extending guide-way communicates, at its end, with a guide-way extending forwardly thereof, at right angles thereto, and of a width corresponding to the length of an opened box, being bounded at its sides by hollow walls 81 and 82. Thls g1iide-way. in turn, communicates, at its end,

with another guide-way extending at right angles thereto, and parallel to the first guide-way, and is bounded by hollow walls 83 and 84. These several hollow walls are suitably bolted together, their joints being packed to render them air-tight, and the spaces within the respective contiguous walls 79. 81 and 83. and 80, 82 and.84 are communicating. The inner surfaces of the will thereby be maintained in their open 7 position.

The reciprocating slide feed member 78 is adapted to move back and forth in front of the hopper, being provided at its forward end with a pusher-head 92 guided in its movement by means of an angle flange 93 projecting at one side, and engaging a slotted guide block 94 fixed to the bed plate. The inner face of the slide feed member is provided with a recess 95 adapted, as it registers with the lower end of the hopper, to receive a single flattened box, the shoulder 96, at the end of the recess, feeding the box longitudinally and into engagement with the inner surface of the wall 79, as the slide reciprocates forwardly. The flattened boxes, it will be'understood, are of a length corresponding to the combined length of a side and one end, the top flaps extending along the upper and lower edges of the sides and ends, being folded flat against the outer surface of the sides and ends.

The portion 97 of the wall 79, adjacent the hopper, is solid, and unperforated for a distance corresponding substantially to the width of the endof the box, so that when the box is fed forwardly by the slide feed member, its side will'be gripped by the suction action; while its end will be free to be swung away from the wall 79 to open the collapsed boxes, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

The slidefeed member is reciprocated by means of a lever 98 pivotally mounted at 99 upon an extension 100 of the base of the standard 51 extending upwardly through a slot 102 in the bed plate, and being connected to the rear end of the slide feed member by a forked link 103 adjustably secured in a slot 104 of the lever. A connecting rod 105 extends from the lever 98 to a lever 106 piv-otally mounted at its lower end 107 upon the standard 51 and provided at its upper end with an enlarged head Portion having parallel slots 108 and 109, theslot 108 being relatively wide, and havin its axis coincident with the axis of rotation of the lever; while the relatively narrower slot 109 is offset, and has the end of the rod 105 adjustably and pivotally secured therein, as at 110. The slot 108 is slidably engaged by an eccentric crank pin 111 provided on a disc 112 mounted on the end of an auxiliary drive shaft 113 journaled in the frame, and driven from the main drive shaft 52 by gears 114 and 115, (Fig. 4), respectively provided on the shafts 52 and 113, and an intermediate gear 116 mounted on a stud shaft 117; the gear ratio being such that the shaft 113 is rotated once for every two rotations of the shaft 52. Thus, two boxes will be fed from the hopper for every four revolutions of the main drive shaft,--the purpose of which will be presently pointed out. The gear 114 is loose upon the shaft 52, and is adapted to be connected thereto by operation of the clutch 54,as before pointed outso that upon occasion, theshaft may be driven, Without driving the gear 114, ,by' disconnecting the clutch.

At the end of the wall 80, and substantially diagonally disposed to the solid portion 97 of the wall 7 9, there is movably mounted a hollow suction-head 117, (Figs. 3, 5, and 6), adapted, as will presently appear, to open the boxes. The inner face of the head is provided with perforations 118, and at its rear side it is provided with a flanged outlet 119. connected by a flexible pipe 120 to the suction chamber 86. Near its base, the head is provided with a pair of outwardlyprojecting arms 121 and 122, to which are pivotally connected the ends of crank-arms 123 and 124 mounted upon the upper ends of shafts 125 and 126 journaled in the bed plate, and having crank-arms 127' and 128 secured to their lower endsbeneath the bed plate. A thirdcrank-arm 129 is mounted upon a stud shaft 130 below the bed plate, and the ends of these three arms 127, 128, and 129 are connected by a bar 131, so that they will operate in unison.

The bar 131 (Fig. 3) is adapted to be swung to and fro transversely of the bed plate, to oscillate the crank-arms by means of a lever arm 132, to which it is connected by a link 133 adjustably and pivotally connected at one end 134 to a slot 135 in the end of the lever 132, and pivotally connected at its other end to the bar 131. -The lever 132 is pivotally connected at 136 upon the under side of the bed plate, and is provided intermediate its ends with a roller 137 sliding in acam groove 138 of a cam plate 139 mounted on a reciprocating cam-supporting frame, comprising rails 140 and 141 (Figs. 3 and 12) connected at their rear ends to a dove-tailed slide bar 142 slidably mounted in beveled guides 143 and 144 secured longitudinally of the bed plate, and connected at their forward ends to a plate 145 having a forwardly-extending arm portion 146,-the purpose of which will be hereinafter more fully pointed out-and slidably mounted in dove-tailed guides 147 and 148 secured to the under side of the bed plate. An intermediate cross-piece 149 also connects the two side rails, a lug 150 being formed on its under side which is connected to the lever 98 by a link 151, so that the oscillation of said lever will impart reciprocatory motion to the cam frame.

The cam groove 138 of the plate 139 is so designed, that as the lever 98 and the cam frame are moved rearwardly, withdrawing the slide feed member 78, the lever 132 is swung forwardly from the position shown in Fig. 3. In this manner, the head 117 is swung from the dotted line position (Fig. 2) to the full line position, grippingly engaging, through its suction action, the side portion of the flattened box that has just been fed from the hopper. As the cam frame moves forwardly, the head is again moved to the dotted line position, swinging the box to open position, its end being free of the wall 79, as before explained.

As the slide feed member 78 moves forwardly, feeding a flattened box in its recess 95, its head 92 engages the end of the box which has just been opened, and pushes it forward in the guide-Way, together with the box immediately in front of it, the box previously at the end of the guide-way having been pushed forwardly between the walls 81 and 82, as will now be explained.

At the corner formed by the meeting ends of the side walls 81 and 82, there is provided an opening 152 (Fig. 6) bridged over by the reduced ends 153 and 154 of the side walls, and within which there is provided a pusher-head 155 adapted to feed the boxes as they are pushed forwardly by the member 78, into the guide-way between the walls 81 and 82. The head 155 is longitudinally mounted, atone end, upon a bracket 156 mounted upon a slide rod 157, and is con nected at its rear side by a link 158 to a post 159 mounted on a slide rod 160 disposed beneath the rod 157, and adapted to have relative movement therewith. The

bracket 156 and the post 159 extend up-- wardly through a slot 161 (Fig. 16) in the bed plate, and the slide rods are moved in a channeled guide 162 secured to the under side of the bed plate, and having retaining strips 163 and 164 projecting over the channel to hold the rods slidably therein. The rod 157 has a slot 165 formed therein, which is engaged by a pin 166, provided on the rod 160,.in the rea-rwardly moved position of the head 155. The pin 166 engages the forward end of the slot 165, so that as the rod 160 is moved forwardly, the two rods 160 and 157 move in unison. The forward movement of the feeding mechanism is such as to feed the box beyond the corner formed by the walls 79 and 81, as shown in Fig. 5, so that the box fed between the walls 81 and 82 will b entirely free of the guideway between the walls 80 and 79, and its flaps will, therefore, not interfere with. the

feeding of the; box between the said walls 80 and 79. 'The rod 160 first moves relabetween the wa s .80 and 81,1-and as the.

rod 160 continues its rearward movement the pin 166 engagin the rearward end of the slot 165 causes t e'rod 157 to partake of the continued movement of the rod 160,-

until the outer swinging end engages the wall 80; whereupon, the final movement of the rod 160 will cause a relatively forward movement of the pin 166 in the slot 165,,

and the straightening out of the head'155 in line with the inner surface of the wall 80.

The rear end of the rod is connected to a link 167, (Fig. 3), adjustably and pivotally connected at its end to the slotted end 168 of a lever 169 pivotally mounted at its end 170 upon the bed plate. A cam roller 171 is provided on the lever 169 and en ages a cam groove" 172 of a cam plate 173 mounted upon the reciproeating cam frame. The cam groove is in the. form of a rhomboidal parallelogram having its ends diagonally disposed. In the longitudinal portions of the groove, there are provided leaf springs 174 and 175 having their attached ends embedded flush with the surface of the groove, as shown in Fig. 13;- while their free ends, which extend to the ends of the longitudinal sides of the cam grooves, are yieldably forced upwardly by a coiled spring 176 disposed in a socket 177. As the cam frame is reciprocated rearwardly, and the roller 171 comes to the forward end of the longitudinal groove having the spring 175 therein, it engages in front of the raised end of'the spring, and is, therefore, forced to move along the inclined end of the groove, upon the rearward reciprocation, thereb swingin the lever 169 to retract the ro 160, an thus draw the feed head 155 rearwardly. As the roller 171 reaches the end 'of the side of the groove provided with theispring 174,

the sprin is released and is raised in front of the ro er, and upon the next rearward reciprocation of the cam frame, the roller is forced to move along the inclined rear side of the cam groove, swinging the lever 169 to feed the head 165 forwardly.

As the boxes are fed between the walls 81 and 82, they have their lower end flaps turned under. by means of flap-turning devicesdisposed at each-sidecfahe guideway. Thesedevices comprise shoes 178 and 179 (Figs.7 and 7) mounted aboveopenings 180 and 181 provided in the bed plate, and having bracket lugs formed thereon which are secured to the bed plate by a screw 183. The shoes extend upwardly into b elongated openings 184 and 185 formed in the walls 81 and 82, respectively, the opening 184 being relatively higher and extending forwardly to the en .pf the wall83,

to accommodate abox-feeding member, hereinafter more fully referred to. The front ends ofthe shoes are each provided with a. beveled nose portion 186, and at the under side, there is formed a 'dependin turning flange 187 which starts rearwar y of the nose of the shoe, its beveled edge 188 being substantially a continuation thereof, and is bent inwardly beneath a. plate 189 extending over an opening 190 of the bed plate. The said plate 189 is flush with the surface of the bed plate, and secured by screws 191 and 192 engaged in a projecting portion 193, the plate 189 extending rearwardly of the end of the shoe, and its end is spaced from the beveled end 194 of the, openin 190 to form an outlet slot for the turns end flap.

As t e boxes are fed forwardly, the nose portions 186 of the shoes enter between the upturned end flaps, thereby turning them along the edges 188 of the flanges to their folded-imposition between the flange 187 and the plate 189, the folded end flaps moving out through the slots at the ends of the plate 189.

The boxes are now fed longitudinally of the bed plate between walls 83 and 84. At the forward end of the arm 146 of the plate 105, (F1 3), there is provided a flange 195 having t ee spaced In 196, 197, and 198 formed thereon, in whic there are journaled the shafts 199, 200, and 201 of the crankarms 202, 203, and 204, connected together at their outer ends by a bar 205. At the upper projecting ends of the shafts 200 and 201, there are secured lever arms 206 and 207, upon the ends of which there is pivotally mounted a right angular pusher-head 208 disposed in the opening 184 of the wall 81, and adapted to move through a communicating opening 209, (Fig. 7), provided in the wall 83. A link 210 is pivotallyconnected atone end to the bar 205, and is ad justably and pivotally connected at its other end to the slotted end 211 of an elongated lever 212 pivotally mounted at.213 upon the plate 145. Upon an extension 214 of the lever 212, there is provided a roller 215 disposed in an opening 216 of the plate 145, and po-operates with a cam projection 217 provided upon a stationary plate 218 secured beneath the plate 50.

The cam aprojection 217 is elongated, being flattene at its forward side and rounded at its rearward side, and along its forward side, there is provided a leaf spring 2.19 secured at one end by a screw 220, and yieldably forced upwardly at its other end adjacent the forward end of the cam pro jection, by a coiled spring 221 disposed beneath it; the roller 215 adapted, as the plate 145 is reciprocated, to move forwardly along the straight side of the cam, and rearwardly 

